PMS Punjab 2014 Solved Precis

• Individualism (Noun): The principle of being independent and self-reliant; also, a social theory that favours freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control
  • Contextual Explanation: Highlights a shift in Western art and literature to focus more on the unique self, personal experiences, and the inner world of a single person, influenced by psychological insights
• Cubism (Noun): An early 20th-century avant-garde art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, characterized by geometric shapes and multiple viewpoints
  • Contextual Explanation: One of the modern art movements that emerged, influenced by psychological ideas and emphasizing different ways of seeing and representing reality
• Expressionism (Noun): A style of painting, music, or drama in which the artist or writer seeks to express emotional experience rather than impressions of the external world
  • Contextual Explanation: A modern art movement that sought to convey inner feelings and psychological states, rather than just objective reality
• Surrealism (Noun): A 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind, for example, by the irrational juxtaposition of images
  • Contextual Explanation: A modern art movement directly inspired by Freudian concepts of the unconscious and dreams, aiming to express these hidden realities
• Metaphysical (Adjective): Relating to metaphysics (the branch of philosophy that deals with the first principles of things, including abstract concepts such as being, knowing, substance, cause, identity, time, and space); figuratively, based on abstract reasoning
  • Contextual Explanation: Describes a world or reality that is beyond the physical or material, often involving spiritual or philosophical concepts, which artists denote through symbols
• Percipience (Noun): The ability to perceive things, especially subtle or complex ones; insight
  • Contextual Explanation: Refers to the keen insight or deep understanding that 20th-century Western art and literature started to emphasize, driven by psychological findings
• Enamoured (Adjective): Filled with a feeling of love or admiration for; captivated by
  • Contextual Explanation: Describes the artist's strong attraction to or fascination with the realistic painting technique
• Denote (Verb): Be a sign of; indicate; stand for
  • Contextual Explanation: Explains how tangible objects used as metaphors in art serve to symbolize or represent a spiritual or metaphysical world

The passage illustrates how Sigmund Freud's 1905 discoveries about the subconscious mind profoundly influenced 20th-century Western art and literature by shifting the focus to individual psychology and inner emotions. This new perspective inspired modern art movements and local artists to explore the hidden complexities of the mind. As a result, artworks often appeared realistic while simultaneously conveying deeper meanings through symbols and metaphors. Through this passage, the author aims to highlight the significant impact of Freudian psychology on artistic expression, showcasing the blend of apparent realism and concealed depth.

Main Idea of the Passage

• Freud’s theories of the unconscious influenced modern art, leading to styles that blend realism with psychological, emotional, and symbolic expression.

Supporting Ideas Helping the Main Idea

• Freud's insights on the unconscious in 1905 caused Western art and literature to focus on the individual's feelings and inner life.
• Several artistic styles introduced these elements of the human mind to contemporary art.
• Local artists combined these modern trends with traditional methods.
• Painters sought to reveal psychological and emotional depths through apparently realistic works.
• This resulted in everyday images and landscapes being turned into metaphors for the spiritual and unseen world.

Confused About Main and Supporting Ideas?

Kindly make sure to revise all five lectures on Precis Writing that I have already delivered. In these sessions, we discussed in detail:

• What a precis is and its purpose.
• What the main idea means and how to extract it effectively.
• What supporting ideas are and how to identify them.
• How to coordinate the main and supporting ideas while writing a concise, coherent precis.

Additionally, go through the 20 examples I shared in the WhatsApp groups. These examples highlight the Dos and Don’ts of Precis Writing, and revising them will help you avoid common mistakes and refine your technique.

Precis 1

Freud's innovative unconsciousness theory profoundly influenced 20th-century Western art and literature, shifting focus to individualism, emotionality, and dreams. Furthermore, artistic movements brought the psyche's hidden depths to contemporary art. Resultantly, local artists started integrating new and old trends, expressing human psychology and perception. Thus, their works, though apparently realistic, conveyed deeper spiritual and hypothetical meanings.

• Original Words in the Passage: 148
• Precis Word Count: 55
• Title: Freud's Influence on Modern Art

Precis 2

Freud’s findings on the subconscious caused the 20th-century arts to focus on personal feelings. The resulting new artistic styles introduced the hidden aspects of consciousness, which local creators utilized to communicate the internal and emotional elements of existence. This resulted in realistic creations that carried deeper connotations through symbolic devices.

• Original Words in the Passage: 148
• Precis Word Count: 50
• Title: Art and the Inner Mind

Precis 3

Freud's ideas on the unconscious shaped 20th-century Western art and writing, bringing focus on individual feelings and the mind’s hidden depths through several artistic styles. Now, artists mix new trends with old, using realism to convey emotions, so their works appear real but hold deeper, spiritual messages via symbolism.

• Original Words in the Passage: 148
• Precis Word Count: 49
• Title: Freud's Impact on 20^th Century Art

Precis 4

Freud's insights on unconsciousness greatly recalibrated art and writing in the 20th century, underscoring individualism and emotionalism, with artistic movements introducing art to the psyche's complexities. Likewise, modern artists, synthesizing innovation with their traditional styles, imparted human psychological and perceptual facets. Thus, their tangible works symbolized deeper metaphysical realms.

• Original Words in the Passage: 148
• Precis Word Count: 49
• Title: Beyond Realism: Art's Psychological and Symbolic Dimensions

Precis 5

Freud’s insights influenced modern art, giving rise to several artistic movements. And local painters adapted these with older styles, creating seemingly realistic works that revealed emotional and psychological truths, often using everyday imagery as symbols of spiritual or unseen dimensions.

• Original Words in the Passage: 148
• Precis Word Count: 40
• Title: Blending Realism and Psychology

Precis 6

Freud’s ideas on the unconscious redirected artistic focus toward inner life, shaping major modern movements. Thus, domestic painters combined these with tradition, creating realistic yet layered works where familiar objects and landscapes embodied concealed psychological tensions and metaphysical suggestions.

• Original Words in the Passage: 148
• Precis Word Count: 39
• Title: Symbolic Depth in Modern Art