PMS KPK 2018 Solved Precis

• Wits (noun): The capacity for inventive thought and quick, keen understanding; intelligence
  • Contextual Explanation: Poverty sharpens a people's wits, referring to their intellectual capacity.
• Braces (verb): To make stronger or firmer; to invigorate
  • Contextual Explanation: Poverty braces a people's morals, meaning it strengthens or invigorates their moral standards.
• Magnanimous (adjective): Generous or forgiving, especially toward a rival or less powerful person
  • Contextual Explanation: People are brave, truthful, and magnanimous (generous and noble) not in proportion to their wealth, but to their smallness of means.
• Envied (verb): Subjected to envy; desired by others
  • Contextual Explanation: The poor may be envied for their happiness, meaning their state is desired by others.

The passage discusses the effects of poverty on people's character, intelligence, happiness, and moral strength, emphasizing that poverty can foster virtues, resilience, and contentment, while distinguishing it from misery, which results from misconduct or idleness. Moreover, the author's purpose is to argue that poverty, if endured with dignity, develops wisdom, moral integrity, courage, and contentment, and is not inherently disgraceful, unlike misery, which stems from vice and laziness.

Main Idea of the Passage

• Poverty, when honest and moderate, sharpens people's intelligence, strengthens their morals, encourages their courage, and fosters their happiness whereas misery, caused by idleness or misconduct, is humiliating and harmful for people.

Supporting Ideas Helping the Main Idea

• Poverty often sharpens people's wits and intellectual abilities.
• Many of the greatest individuals historically originated from humble means.
• Poverty purifies and strengthens a people's morals.
• Spirited people find difficult tasks most delightful.
• Bravery, truthfulness, and magnanimity are more linked to scarcity than wealth.
• The best people are often the poorest, provided their basic needs are met.
• Honest poverty is honourable while misery is humiliating and often results from misconduct or idleness.
• Poverty is not disgraceful for those who endure it, but indulgence in alms harms both self and society.
• The poor are often happier than the rich, and although envied, few desire their position.

Confused About Main and Supporting Ideas?

Kindly make sure to revise all five lectures on Precis Writing that I have already delivered. In these sessions, we discussed in detail:

• What a precis is and its purpose.
• What the main idea means and how to extract it effectively.
• What supporting ideas are and how to identify them.
• How to coordinate the main and supporting ideas while writing a concise, coherent precis.

Additionally, go through the 20 examples I shared in the WhatsApp groups. These examples highlight the Dos and Don’ts of Precis Writing, and revising them will help you avoid common mistakes and refine your technique.

Precis 1

Individuals sharpen their intellect through poverty, and consequently, societies recognize that many great people began with little. Moreover, poverty strengthens citizens' morals, and these spirited people enjoy life's challenges. In addition, scarcity cultivates bravery, truthfulness, and generosity in these individuals. Likewise, honest poor individuals earn honour whereas idleness or misconduct brings misery to people. Therefore, many poor individuals experience greater happiness than wealthier people.

• Original Words in the Passage: 197
• Precis Word Count: 64
• Title: The Virtues of Poverty

Precis 2

Individuals' intelligence and moral strength grow through poverty, and societies note that great people often originate from modest means. Moreover, these spirited citizens embrace life's challenges while scarcity further fosters courage, truthfulness, and magnanimity in them. Likewise, honest poor individuals gain honour. In contrast, idleness causes despair in people. Thus, poor individuals often enjoy more happiness than the rich.

• Original Words in the Passage: 197
• Precis Word Count: 59
• Title: Poverty as a Source of Strength

Precis 3

Poverty fosters humor, courage, and morals in people. As a result, it leads to the emergence of great individuals from humble beginnings. Moreover, honest, hardworking, poor individuals are commendable; however, idle ones endure discomfort. Hence, the poor find greater happiness than the wealthy.

• Original Words in the Passage: 197
• Precis Word Count: 43
• Title: Poverty and the Making of Great Individuals

Precis 4

Individuals develop wisdom, courage, and morals through poverty, making them honorable in society’s view. However, idle people suffer more anguish and unhappiness than the hardworking, honest poor.

• Original Words in the Passage: 197
• Precis Word Count: 27
• Title: Honour, Wisdom, and Happiness in Poverty