PMS Punjab 2015 Solved Precis

• Youthful (adjective): Characterized by youth; energetic and young

  • Contextual Explanation: Highlights the age profile of the new middle class

• Per capita income (noun phrase): Average income earned per person in a given area

  • Contextual Explanation: Indicates the economic standing of people classified as middle class

• Monolithic (adjective): Uniform or undifferentiated

  • Contextual Explanation: Refutes the idea that the middle class in Pakistan is homogenous

• Stratum (noun): A level or class within a social hierarchy

  • Contextual Explanation: Refers to layers within the middle class differentiated by various factors

• Antecedents (noun): Family background or lineage

  • Contextual Explanation: One of the criteria distinguishing subgroups within the middle class

• Modernist (noun/adjective): Favoring modern ideas, styles, or values

  • Contextual Explanation: Refers to middle-class individuals with progressive, non-traditional perspectives

• Traditionalist (noun): A person who upholds or advocates tradition

  • Contextual Explanation: Denotes conservative-minded individuals within the middle class

• Orthodox (adjective): Conforming to traditional beliefs or practices, often religious

  • Contextual Explanation: Refers to growing conservative or religious tendencies among the younger generation

• Consumerism (noun): The practice of buying and consuming goods, often in excess

  • Contextual Explanation: Seen as a unifying trait of the new middle class, reflected in rising purchases

• Surge (noun): A sudden and strong increase

  • Contextual Explanation: Describes the rapid rise in sales of consumer goods like electronics and vehicles

The passage discusses the emergence and characteristics of Pakistan's middle class over the past decade, highlighting the country's social changes, economic growth, consumerism, and the coexistence of modernist and traditionalist elements in the middle class while also acknowledging ongoing poverty and inequality. Moreover, the author aims to illustrate that Pakistan is not static despite poverty and inequality, emphasizing that the country's economic growth has produced a dynamic, heterogeneous middle class with evolving social and consumer patterns, reflecting both modernist and traditionalist influences.

Main Idea of the Passage

• Despite persistent poverty and governance challenges, Pakistan has witnessed significant economic growth over the past decade, resulting in a heterogeneous and dynamic middle class whose lifestyle, consumerism, and social attitudes reflect both modernist and traditionalist influences.

Supporting Ideas Helping the Main Idea

• Despite widespread poverty and inequality, Pakistan is not a stagnant society.
• Economic growth over the past decade has led to the emergence of a youthful and dynamic middle class in Pakistan.
• The country's middle class is heterogeneous, differing in occupation, income, family background, language, and gender.
• It contains both modernist and traditionalist elements, so it is not necessarily more westernized than the urban youth from the feudal elite.
• One of the notable developments is the spread of orthodox thinking among the youth in the country.
• Consumerism unites the country's middle class, which is evident in increased sales of cars, televisions, and mobile phones.
• Mobile phone subscription rates are very high, mirroring connectivity and consumer engagement.
• In addition to electronics spending, the middle class supports Pakistan's private establishments and polyclinics, which dominate urban healthcare.
• Approximately three-quarters of health care is provided by the private sector in Pakistan.

Confused About Main and Supporting Ideas?

Kindly make sure to revise all five lectures on Precis Writing that I have already delivered. In these sessions, we discussed in detail:

• What a precis is and its purpose.
• What the main idea means and how to extract it effectively.
• What supporting ideas are and how to identify them.
• How to coordinate the main and supporting ideas while writing a concise, coherent precis.

Additionally, go through the 20 examples I shared in the WhatsApp groups. These examples highlight the Dos and Don’ts of Precis Writing, and revising them will help you avoid common mistakes and refine your technique.

Precis 1

Despite poverty, Pakistan is not a stagnant society. Indeed, the country's economic growth has created a dynamic middle class that is heterogeneous in occupation, income, background, language, and gender. Additionally, modernist and traditionalist elements coexist in Pakistan while orthodox thinking spreads among its youth. Moreover, consumerism unites the country's middle class. Additionally, mobile phone use is widespread in Pakistan, and private establishments and healthcare dominate urban life, with most healthcare provided by the private sector.

• Original Words in the Passage: 220
• Precis Word Count: 75
• Title: Emerging Middle Class in Pakistan

Precis 2

In spite of poverty, Pakistan's society is evolving. Indeed, the country's economic growth has created a heterogeneous middle class, integrating modernist and traditionalist elements, while orthodox ideas spread among its youth. Furthermore, consumerism unites Pakistan's people. Hence, mobile phones are widely used in the country, and private establishments, including healthcare, dominate urban life.

• Original Words in the Passage: 220
• Precis Word Count: 53
• Title: Pakistan’s Middle Class

Precis 3

Pakistan undoubtedly faces poverty, but it has a dynamic and diverse middle class. Moreover, orthodox thinking spreads among the country's youth, but consumerism and mobile use unite the middle class, which supports private establishments and provides most health care in Pakistan's urban areas.

• Original Words in the Passage: 220
• Precis Word Count: 43
• Title: Dynamic Middle Class in Pakistan

Precis 4

Despite poverty, Pakistan’s dynamic middle class, in which orthodox thinking is disseminated, is united by consumerism, widespread mobile usage, and private healthcare availability in urban centres.

• Original Words in the Passage: 220
• Precis Word Count: 26
• Title: Pakistan’s Transforming Society